Relative Clauses
Relatives formed on the subject:
| (1) | ni’ ’u ch shtatul’stuhw thu slheni’? + ’i t’it’ulum’ thu slheni’.➙ |
| ni’ ’u ch shtatul’stuhw thu slheni’ [‘i t’it’ulum’]? | |
| ‘Do you know the woman who is singing?’ | |
| (2) | ni’ ’u ch shtatul’stuhw tthu swuy’qe’ [ni’ ts’ewutham’sh]? |
| ‘Do you know the man who helped me?’ | |
Relatives formed on the object:
Use subordinate subject marking for the subject.
| (3) | ni’ ’u ch lumnuhw lhu kapou ni’ ’iluquteen’? |
| ‘Did you see the coat I bought?’ | |
| (4) | hakwush tsun tse’ kwthu shuptun ni’ ‘iluqutuhw. |
| ‘I will use the knife that you bought.’ | |
| (5) | ni’ tst hwayum ’u lhu snuhwulh ni’ thuytut. |
| ‘We sold the canoe that we built.’ | |
| (6) | ni’ ’u ch le’sh kwthu s’ulhtun ni’ ‘iluqutulup? |
| ‘Did you put away the groceries that you (pl) bought?’ | |
| (7) | ni’ tsun lumnuhw kwthu stl’i’tl’qulh ni’ ts’ewutus lhun’ stiwun. |
| ‘I saw the child that your niece helped.’ | |
Relatives follow the head noun, or they follow just a determiner.
| (8) | ni’ ’u ch shtatul’stuhw kwthu shxaatth’ustun ni’ kwunuteen’? |
| ‘Do you know the picture that I took?’ | |
| (9) | ni’ ’u ch shtatul’stuhw kwthu ni’ kwunuteen’? |
| ‘Do you know the (thing) that I took?’ | |
The determiner matches the missing noun.
| (10) | ni’ tsun ’uw’ shtatul’stuhw thu ’i t’it’ulum’. |
| ‘I know the (female) who is singing.’ | |
| (11) | ni’ tsun ’uw’ shtatul’stuhw tthu ’i t’it’ulum’. |
| ‘I know the (male or group of people) who is singing.’ | |