PROBLEM SET 1: “where is my …”

Prepare: some objects

poukw	book
xul’tun	pen
pipu	paper
lukli	key

⇨ Here is the chart of out of sight determiners:

	masculine/plural
	kwthu ~  kwu
my	kwthunu  ~  kwunu
your	kwthun’  ~   kwun’

Goal: Practice possession with out of sight determiners.

• Question
  • ni’ ’untsu kwthunu poukw?
    // ni’ ’unuts kwunu poukw?
  • Where is my book?

• Short answer
  • ’e’ut ’i ’u tu’i.
  • It’s over here.

	in view	out of view
	tthu  ~  tu	kwthu   ~  kwu
my	tthunu   ~   tunu	kwthunu  ~   kwunu
your	tthun’   ~    tun’	kwthun’  ~    kwun’

• Long answer
  • ’e’ut ’i ’u tu’i tthun’ poukw.
  • Your book is over here.
• Long answer – you could also point to a place a little further away, but still in view.
  • na’ut ni’ ’u tuni’ tthun’ poukw.
  • Your book is over there.

⭐ MAKE FOUR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

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PROBLEM SET 2: “go look …”

Prepare: some locations

sts’utse’ on	lutem table
sun’iw’ in	situn basket
sun’iw’ in	xthum box
’ula’ulh on board, in	snuhwulh car

• Use preposition ’u for a location noun.

• EXAMPLE:
  • sts’utse’ ’u kwthu lutem    [table is out of sight]
  • (sitting) on the table

• How do you say?
  • in the basket
  • in the box
  • in the car

• Question:
  • ni’ ’untsu kwthunu poukw?
  • ni’ ’unuts kwunu poukw?
  • Where is my book?

• Answer:
  • ’uwu te’ nu shtatul’stuhw
  • I don’t know.
• Answer:
  • nem’ ch lemut sts’uts’e’ ’u kwthu lutem.
  • Go look on the table.

poukw book	sts’utse’ on	lutem table
xul’tun pen	sun’iw’ in	situn basket
pipu paper	sun’iw’ in	xthum box
lukli key	’ula’ulh on board, in	snuhwulh car

⭐ MAKE FOUR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

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PROBLEM SET 3: “my mother”

Goal
Practice out of view:  kwu / kwthu  and  lhu
Practice possession: kwthunu “my”  kwthun’ “your”

⇨ Here is the chart of out of sight determiners:

	masculine/plural	feminine
	kwthu ~  kwu	lhu
my	kwthunu  ~  kwunu	lhunu
your	kwthun’  ~   kwun’	lhun’

⇨ Here are some kinterms to practice with:

men	father
ten	mother
si’lu	grandparent
sul’si’lu	grandparents
mun’u	child
me’mun’u	children

How do you say? (hint: use out of view determiner)

• a. your mother
• b. my father
• c. my grandfather
• d. your daughter
• e. your grandmother
• f. my grandparents
• g. my son
• h. your children
• i. my grandmother
• j. your father

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PROBLEM SET 4: “where is your mother from?”

• Goal:
  • Practice out of view:     kwu /  kwthu and lhu
  • Practice possession: kwthunu  “my”,  kwthun’  “your”
  • Practice ’utl’ before placenames.

• Question:
  • tun’untsu lhun’ ten? 
  • tun’unuts lhun’ ten? 
  • Where is your mother from?
• Short answer:
  • tun’ni’ ’utl’ shts’um’inus.
  • She’s from Stz’uminus.
• Long answer:
  • tun’ni’ ’utl’ shts’um’inus lhunu ten.
  • My mother is from Stz’uminus.

⇨ Here are some kinterms to practice with:

men	father
ten	mother
si’lu	grandparent
sul’si’lu	grandparents

• NOTE:
  • if your relative is no long living, add past marker =ulh
  • kwthunu men ’my father’ >>>> kwthunu menulh ’my late father’

⇨ Some places: snuw’nuw’us, snuneymuhw, leey’qsun, shts’um’inus, pune’luxutth’, xulel’t-hw, quw’utsun’, me’luxelh, mutouliye’

⭐ MAKE FOUR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

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PROBLEM SET 5: “mother went to school”

Prepare:  some buildings

thi lelum’	big house
shhwimelu	store

skwoul	go to school	skwoul’ew’t-hw  Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.	school
telu	money  (from “dollar”)	telew’t-hw	bank
q’aq’i’	to be sick	q’aq’i’ew’t-hw	hospital
t’i’wi’ulh	pray	t’i’wi’ulhew’t-hw	church

• Goal:
  • Practice out of view: kwu / kwthu and lhu
  • Practice posssession: kwthunu “my”, kwthun’ “your”
  • Practice using preposition: ’u.

• Question:
  • ni’ ’untsu lhun’ ten?
  • Where is your mother?
• Short answer:
  • ni’ nem’ ’u kwthu skwoul’ew’t-hw.
  • She went to the school.
• Long answer:
  • ni’ nem’ lhunu ten ’u kwthu skwoul’ew’t-hw.
  • My mother went to the school.

⭐ MAKE 8 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS using all the words below.

men	father	skwoul’ew’t-hw	school
mun’u	child	telew’t-hw	bank
si’lu	grandparent	thi lelum’	big house
’imuth	grandchild	shhwimelu	store
shhwum’nikw	aunt/uncle	q’aq’i’ew’t-hw	hospital
stiwun	niece/nephew	t’iw’i’ulhew’t-hw	church

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PROBLEM SET 6: “Did John already go?”

Prepare:  some verbs of motion

t’akw’        go home
tetsul        get here
shaqwul    cross over to the other side
t’ahw         come down from the mountain, go down to the beach
tsam          go up the mountain, come up from the beach

• Goal:
  • Practice: wulh “already”
  • Practice: auxiliary verb nem’ “go”
  • Practice: using masculine and feminine determiners with names
• Question:
  • ni’ ’u wulh t’akw’ kwthu chan? Did John already go home?
• Answer:
  • hee’, ni’ nem’ wulh t’akw’. Yes, he already went home.

chan John		t’akw’ go home
meli Mary		tetsul get here
luput Robert		shaqwul cross over to the other side
tanu Donna		t’ahw come down from the moutain, go down to the beach
teni Danny		tsam go up the mountain, come up from the beach

⭐ MAKE FIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

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PROBLEM SET 7: “Where are you going?”

Prepare: some activities

’itut	sleep
’ulhtun	eat
’ushul	paddle
yaays	work

• Goal:
  • Practice hwtsel  “go where?”
  • Practice auxiliary verb nem’ “go” and stacking up a series of verbs.
  • Practice leaning person markers.
    • tsun “I”
    • ch “you”
    • tst “we”
    • tseep “you all”

• Question:
  • nem’ ch ’a’lu hwtsel?
  • Where are you going?
• Answer:
  • nem’ tsun nem’ ’itut.
  • I’m going to go sleep.

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PROBLEM SET 8: “Where are you all going?”

Practice progressive of nem’ ‘go’ hunum’ ‘going’. (yu = prefix)

nem’	go
hunum’	going
yu	(a prefix)

• Question:
  • nem’ tseep ’a’lu hwtsel?
  • Where are you all going?
• Answer:
  • nem’ tst yu hunum’ ’utl’ tawun.
  • We’re going to town.

tawun	town
taktu	doctor
pestun	the US
mutouliye’	Victoria
shts’um’inus	Stz’uminus
kwa’mutsun	Quamichan
sqwxwa’mush	Vancouver

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PROBLEM SET 9: “What are you doing?”

’itut sleep		’i’tut  sleeping
’ulhtun eat		’i’lhtun’ eating
yaays work		yaay’us working
nem’ tl’ tawun go to town		hunum’ tl’ tawun going to town
qwal talk		qwaqwul’ talking
huw’a’lum’ play		hiiw’a’lum’ ’u tu kumputu suw’a’lum’ playing computer games

• Goal
  • Practice progressive forms of verbs.
  • Practice yath … ’uw’  “always”
  • Practice leaning person markers after “always”
• Question:
  • ’i ch tsukwsta’mut.
  • What are you doing?
• Answer:
  • ’i tsun ’i’tut.
  • I’m sleeping.
• Follow up:
  • ’aa, yath ch ’uw’ ’i’tut.
  • Oh, you are always sleeping!

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PROBLEM SET 10: Descriptions

’uy’ good		qul bad		s’ulhtun food
’uy’uy’mut beautiful		quliima’ dirty, ugly		sqwumey’ dog
’iyus happy		qiqul’us sad		stl’i’tl’qul child
thi big		’uhwiin’ small		lelum’ house
xwum fast		’ayum slow		snuhwulh canoe/car

• Question:
  • thi ’u tu sqwumey’?       Is the dog big?
• Answer:
  • hee’, nan ’uw’ thi. Yes it’s very big.
  • hee’, tl’lim’ ’uw’ thi. Yes it’s really big.
  • hee’, hay ’ul’ ’uw’ thi. Yes it’s the biggest one.

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PROBLEM SET 11: Opposites

• Question:
  • thi ’u kwthun’ lelum’?
  • Is your house big?
• Answer:
  • ’uwu, ’uwu thi’us. No, it’s not big.
  • ’uhwiin’ ’ul’. It’s just small.
• Long answer:
  • ’uhwiin’ kwthunu lelum’.

lelum’ house	thi big		’uhwiin’ little
s’ulhtun food	’uy’ good		qul bad
snuhwulh canoe/car	xwum fast		’ayum slow
yasa’qw hat	tsq’ix black		p’uq’ white
qwlhey’shun shoe	xew’s new		s’eluhw old

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PROBLEM SET 12:  Are you okay?

sthuthi’	okay, alright
q’aq’i’	sick
si’si’	afraid
lhtsiw’s	tired
titiya’xw	busy
t’et’iyuq’	angry

• A:
  • ’iich ’uw’ sthuthi’? Are you okay?
• B:
  • ’i tsun tuw’ q’aq’i’. I’m a little bit sick.
  • ’i tsun ’uw’ q’aq’i’ ’ul’ I’m just sick.
  • nan tsun ’uw’ q’aq’i’. I’m very sick.
• A:
  • ’aa  tl’lim’ qul. Oh, too bad.

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PROBLEM SET 13: How are you, grandmother?

sthuthi’	okay, alright
kw’es	hot
tth’alhum’	cold
kw’ekw’i’	hungry
lhtsiw’s	tired
’iyus	happy
qiqul’us	sad

• A:    ’aa, si’lu, ’iich ’uw’ sthuthi’? Oh Grandma are you alright?
• B:    ’i tsun ’uw’ sthuthi’ ’ul’. I’m okay.
• A:    ’oo, ’uy’! Oh, good.

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• A:
  • si’lu, ’i ’u ch tth’alhum’? Are you cold.
• B: 
  • hee’, nan tsun ’uw’ tth’alhum’. Are you cold.
  • ’uwu, ’uwu tsun ’iin’ tth’alhum’. I’m not cold.
  • nan tsun ’uw’ kw’es. I’m very hot.
  • tl’lim’ tsun ’uw’ kw’es. I’m really hot.

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PROBLEM SET 14: move it along

Column A	translation	Column B	translation
nem’	go	nem’ustuhw	take it
m’i	come	m’istuhw	bring it
huye’	leave	huye’stuhw	take it away
hwu’alum’	return	hwu’alum’stuhw	return it, make him/her return
kw’i’	climb	kw’i’stuhw	lift/raise it, make him/her climb
lheel	go to shore	lheelstuhw	beach it
’eli	go away	’eliyustuhw	take it away
tsam	go uphill	tsumstuhw	take it uphill
t’ahw	go downhill	t’uhwstuhw	take it downhill
t’akw’	go home	t’ukw’stuhw	take it home
lhew’	run away, flee	lhuw’stuhw	run away with him/her

1. m’i lheel=stuhw tthu snuhwulh!
   
   come go.ashore-CS DT canoe
   ‘Beach the canoe!’ 
   
   
2. ni’ tsun huye’=stuhw kwthu sqwumey’.
   
   AUX 1SUB leave-CS DT dog
   ‘I took the dog along.’
   
   
3. ’aalh=stuhw=us suw’ ’ushul t’akw’ thuw’nilh.
   
   get.on.board-CS-3ARG NM:LNK paddle go.home DT:PRO
   ‘She put it on board and she paddled home.’ 
   
   
4. nem’ tsun t’uhw=stuhw kwthu=nu syalh.
   
   go 1SUB go.downhill-CS DT-1POS firewood
   ‘I am going to take my firewood down.’

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PROBLEM SET 15: Go! and Stop! 

Practice your commands, working with a partner (or group).
Tell them to do something, and then tell them to do the opposite.

• tth’ihwum ch ’i’ m’i ’ewu! Please come here! 
• nem’ ch huye’! Go away! 
• hakwush tthun’ yasa’qw! Put on your hat!
• me’sh tthun’ yasa’qw! Take off your hat!

⭐ Make four pairs of sentences into your routine.

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PROBLEM SET 16: Do it! Don’t do it!

Practice your negative commands, working in groups. 
Tell someone to do something, and then tell them to don’t do it.

• xwchenum lhu! Run!
• ’uwu ch xwan’chunum’uhw! Don’t run.

⭐ Make four pairs of sentences into your routine.

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PROBLEM SET 17: Keep the ball rolling! 

Practice telling someone to move a ball around, working in groups.

• tth’ihwum ch ’i’ kwunut tthu smuqw.
  • Please take the ball!
• siilt tthu smuqw nemustuhw ’u tu chan.
  • Roll the ball over to John!

kwunut	take it	nemustuhw	make it go
siilt	roll it	wensh	throw it
lume’t	kick it	kwelsh	hide it

⭐ Make sure everyone gets a turn giving the commands. Try to move the ball  around as quickly as possible.

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PRACTICING VERBS WITH HUMAN OBJECTS

Table: singular object suffixes

	object suffix	help + object suffix
lst person singular	=tham’sh	ts’ewutham’sh	“help me”
2nd person singular	=thamu	ts’ewuthamu	“help you”
3rd person	=t	ts’ewut	“help him/her”

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PROBLEM SET 18: xwum ’u ch ’i’ … 

Practice telling someone to do something to or for you.

Question: xwum ’u ch ’i’ ts’ewutham’sh. Can you help me?

Transform these into verbs with first person objects.

ts’ewut	help him/her		help me
temut	call him/her		call me
ptem’ut	ask him/her		ask me
tl’umast	give him/her a ride		give me a ride
t’i’wi’ulht	pray for him/her		pray for me
xlhast	feed him/her		feed me

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PROBLEM SET 19: hee’, xwum tsun ’i’ …

• Question:
  • xwum ’u ch ’i’ ts’ewutham’sh. Can you help me?
• Answer:
  • hee’, xwum tsun ’i’ ts’ewuthamu. Yes, I can help you. 
  • ’uwu, skw’ey kw’unus ts’ewuthamu. I can’t help you.
    nan tsun ’uw’ tituya’xw. I’m too busy.

Transform these into verbs with second person objects.

tl’umast	give him/her a ride		give you a ride
temut	call him/her		call you
xlhast	feed him/her		feed you
hwtulqut	answer him/her		answer you

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PRACTICING VERBS WITH PLURAL HUMAN OBJECTS

Table: plural object suffixes

	object suffix	help + object suffix
lst person plural	=tal’hw	ts’ewutal’hw	“help us”
2nd person plural	=talu	ts’ewutalu	“help you all”
3rd person	=t	ts’ewut	“help them”

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PROBLEM SET 20: tth’ihwum ch ’i’ …

Practice telling someone to do something to or for you.

A: tth’ihwum ch ’i’ ts’ewutal’hw. Please help us!

Transform these into verbs with first person plural objects.

temut	call him/her		call us
ptem’ut	ask him/her		ask us
tl’umast	give him/her a ride		give us a ride
t’i’wi’ulht	pray for him/her		pray for us
ts’ewut	help him/her		help us

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PROBLEM SET 21: ’uy’, I will!

• A: tth’ihwum ch ’i’ ts’ewutal’hw. Please help us!
• B: ’uy’, ts’ewutalu tsun. Good, I will help you all.

Transform these into verbs with second person plural objects.

t’i’wi’ulht	pray for him/her		pray for you all
tl’umast	give him/her a ride		give you all a ride
temut	call him/her		call you all
hwtulqut	answer him/her		answer you all
ts’ewut	help him/her		help you all